Cartoon showing an example of how inferred emotions are learned. A child often watches wasps fly in and out of their nest in the woods near her house. One day she is stung by one of the wasps for the ...

This is Part 3 of a four-part series on: What Actually Are Emotions? “Emotions are not what we think they are. They are not universally expressed and recognized. They are not hardwired brain reactions ...

Xiaowei Gu and Joshua Johansen at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science in Japan have discovered key circuitry in the rat brain that allows the learning of inferred emotions. The study reveals how the ...